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Comparison · Metabolic peptide

Retatrutide vs Semaglutide

These compounds share a catalog class. That grouping makes their declared properties useful to compare, but does not establish experimental or clinical interchangeability.

For in vitro and laboratory research only. Not for human or veterinary use, diagnosis or treatment. These research materials have not been evaluated by COFEPRIS.

What distinguishes these compounds

The declared receptor profiles differ: retatrutide is described as an agonist at GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors, whereas semaglutide is described as a GLP-1 receptor agonist. Retatrutide is not GLP-3, and the number of named pathways is not a performance ranking.

Both descriptions include lipid-associated changes to exposure, but their structures and receptor profiles differ. Findings from one experimental preparation, species or study design cannot establish the response of the other material.

What comparison the studies support

Retatrutide literature includes a phase 2 clinical trial versus placebo. This identifies evidence in people and its scope; it does not turn that study into a direct comparison with semaglutide or into evidence about a commercial vial.

What they are

Retatrutide: Retatrutide is a synthetic acylated peptide derived from the structure of glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. In research models, it binds to GIP, GLP-1 and glucagon receptors and acts as an agonist of these three signaling pathways. It has been studied in models of metabolic regulation and body composition in preclinical research.

Semaglutide: Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 analog with substitutions at positions 8 and 34 and a fatty acid chain attached through a spacer. In preclinical models, it binds to the GLP-1 receptor and acts as an agonist of that pathway. It has been investigated in models of glucose homeostasis and metabolic regulation in animal studies.

Mechanisms described in the literature

Retatrutide: In research models, the molecule acts on three G protein-coupled receptors in the secretin family. Its lipid chain prolongs association with albumin, modifying the exposure profile described in preclinical literature.

Semaglutide: Replacing alanine with Aib at position 8 reduces degradation by dipeptidyl peptidase 4 in in vitro studies. Acylation promotes albumin binding and modifies the kinetics of receptor exposure in experimental models.

Declared chemical identity, field by field

A dash means that the catalog does not declare that field for the compound. If neither entry declares a field, the row is omitted. A label purity specification of ≥ 99 % is not an analytical result; results must come from the certificate for the relevant batch.

Retatrutide vs Semaglutide: declared technical information
FieldRetatrutideSemaglutide
Chemical nameAcylated GIP peptide analog with activity at GLP-1R and GCGRN-epsilon-26-{2-[2-(2-{2-[2-(2-{(4S)-4-carboxy-4-[(17-carboxyheptadecanoyl)amino]butanoyl}amino)ethoxy]ethoxy}acetyl)amino]ethoxy}ethoxy-acetyl-[8-(2-amino-2-methylpropanoyl), 34-arginine]-GLP-1-(7-37) acid
Molecular formulaC187H291N45O59
Molecular weight4113.58 Da
CAS number2381089-83-2910463-68-2
FormLyophilized powderLyophilized powder
AppearanceWhite to off-white solidWhite to off-white solid
SolubilitySoluble in sterile water and bacteriostatic waterSoluble in sterile water and bacteriostatic water
Storage−20 °C, protected from light−20 °C, protected from light
Stability after reconstitutionKeep refrigerated at 2–8 °C and use within the period defined by the laboratory protocolKeep refrigerated at 2–8 °C and use within the period defined by the laboratory protocol

Laboratory handling: Retatrutide

Reconstitution: Laboratory procedure: allow the closed vial to reach room temperature, disinfect the septum and slowly transfer the diluent against the inner wall of the vial. Do not shake; gently swirl the vial until fully dissolved. Record the volume, diluent and date in the batch log.

Storage: Sealed vial of lyophilized material: store at −20 °C, protected from light and moisture. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of reconstituted material; aliquot when the experimental design permits.

Protective equipment: Handle in a clean work area with a lab coat, nitrile gloves and eye protection. Dispose of vials, tips and sharps according to the laboratory waste procedure.

Laboratory handling: Semaglutide

Reconstitution: Laboratory procedure: allow the closed vial to reach room temperature, disinfect the septum and slowly transfer the diluent against the inner wall of the vial. Do not shake; gently swirl the vial until fully dissolved. Record the volume, diluent and date in the batch log.

Storage: Sealed vial of lyophilized material: store at −20 °C, protected from light and moisture. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles of reconstituted material; aliquot when the experimental design permits.

Protective equipment: Handle in a clean work area with a lab coat, nitrile gloves and eye protection. Dispose of vials, tips and sharps according to the laboratory waste procedure.

Catalog presentations

Consult each product page for its current presentations, availability, batch documentation and price. This comparison does not freeze commercial information in the research text.

Complete research references

The compendium entries contain the extended definitions, research context and indexed bibliography for each compound. The comparison organizes declared information; it does not replace study-specific interpretation or batch identity evidence.

Sources

  1. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial — N Engl J Med (2023); PMID 37366315; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2301972
  2. Triple-Hormone-Receptor Agonist Retatrutide for Obesity - A Phase 2 Trial — N Engl J Med (2023); PMID 37366315; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2301972
  3. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial — Lancet (2026); PMID 42250575; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00967-0
  4. Efficacy and safety of retatrutide, a GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist, in people with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycaemic control with diet and exercise (TRANSCEND-T2D-1): a double-blind, randomised, phase 3 trial — Lancet (2026); PMID 42250575; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(26)00967-0
  5. Comparative effects of drugs for adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and network meta-analysis — BMJ (2026); PMID 42419792; DOI 10.1136/bmj-2026-372161
  6. Comparative effects of drugs for adults with overweight or obesity: systematic review and network meta-analysis — BMJ (2026); PMID 42419792; DOI 10.1136/bmj-2026-372161
  7. Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: an overview — Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol (2026); PMID 41785010; DOI 10.1080/17512433.2026.2642415
  8. Retatrutide in type 2 diabetes mellitus and obesity: an overview — Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol (2026); PMID 41785010; DOI 10.1080/17512433.2026.2642415
  9. LY3437943, a novel triple glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1 receptor agonist for glycemic control and weight loss: From discovery to clinical proof of concept — Cell Metab (2022); PMID 35985340; DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.013
  10. LY3437943, a novel triple glucagon, GIP, and GLP-1 receptor agonist for glycemic control and weight loss: From discovery to clinical proof of concept — Cell Metab (2022); PMID 35985340; DOI 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.07.013
  11. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial — Lancet (2022); PMID 36354040; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02033-5
  12. LY3437943, a novel triple GIP, GLP-1, and glucagon receptor agonist in people with type 2 diabetes: a phase 1b, multicentre, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomised, multiple-ascending dose trial — Lancet (2022); PMID 36354040; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(22)02033-5
  13. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity — N Engl J Med (2021); PMID 33567185; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
  14. Once-Weekly Semaglutide in Adults with Overweight or Obesity — N Engl J Med (2021); PMID 33567185; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2032183
  15. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes — N Engl J Med (2023); PMID 37952131; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2307563
  16. Semaglutide and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Obesity without Diabetes — N Engl J Med (2023); PMID 37952131; DOI 10.1056/NEJMoa2307563
  17. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide compared with liraglutide and placebo for weight loss in patients with obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial — Lancet (2018); PMID 30122305; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31773-2
  18. Efficacy and safety of semaglutide compared with liraglutide and placebo for weight loss in patients with obesity: a randomised, double-blind, placebo and active controlled, dose-ranging, phase 2 trial — Lancet (2018); PMID 30122305; DOI 10.1016/S0140-6736(18)31773-2
  19. The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide — Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2019); PMID 31031702; DOI 10.3389/fendo.2019.00155
  20. The Discovery and Development of Liraglutide and Semaglutide — Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) (2019); PMID 31031702; DOI 10.3389/fendo.2019.00155
  21. Discovery of the Once-Weekly Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogue Semaglutide — J Med Chem (2015); PMID 26308095; DOI 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00726
  22. Discovery of the Once-Weekly Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) Analogue Semaglutide — J Med Chem (2015); PMID 26308095; DOI 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.5b00726
  23. Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways — JCI Insight (2020); PMID 32213703; DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.133429
  24. Semaglutide lowers body weight in rodents via distributed neural pathways — JCI Insight (2020); PMID 32213703; DOI 10.1172/jci.insight.133429
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